Automatic pressure-reducing valve.



w. H. GLE'ESON. AUTMATIC PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. l2. 1913.

1,147,937. Patented July 27, 1915.

l l l 'I'LN ICSSES: iii-Lv. INVENTOR WILLIAM H. GLEESON, 0F SANFRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

AUTOMATIC PRESSURE-REDUCING VALVE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 27, 1915.

Application led November 12, 1913. Serial No. 800,538.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, VILLIAM H. GLEEsoN, acitizen of the United States, residing in the city and county of SanFrancisco ,and State of California, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Automatic Pressurelieducing Valves, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to an automatic pressure reducing valve.

lt is the object of the present invention to provide an automaticallyoperating valve whereby any degree of pressure between the maximum highpressure of a service system land the low minimumpressure can be readilyobtained and maintained, the valve operating automatically to maintainthe arbitrary fixed pressure on the discharge side; and it is a furtherobject of the present in vention to provide manually operable meanswhereby the valve may be quickly adjusted to deliver' maximum pressurefrom the high pressure service, or to quickly close down the valveirrespective of the automatic means for maintaining the arbitrarypressure from the valve.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a valve withautomatically operable and manually adjustable means for maintaining anarbitrary pressure at or below the maximum at the discharge side of thevalve, said means including an index adjustable to indicate the desiredarbitrary selectable pressure; and it is a further object of theinvention to provide a Siamese automatically operable pressure controlvalve.

lt is another object of the present invention to provide means forautomatically regulating the discharge pressure of the valve, and toprovide a manually operable safety controlling cock for use to open thevalve inthe event of the non-operation of the automatic mechanism of thevalve, said safety cock being designed for reversing,rso that it may becleaned of accumulated de'-, posits by the high pressure of liquidflowing therethrough.

The invention consists of a valve casing or body comprehending apressure chamber connectible with the high pressure service system, andan arbitrarily fixed constant pressure or controlling chambercommunicating with the high pressure chamber' and having anautomatically operable throttle, and a discharge chamber which may havea plurality of discharge ports, and a valve disk operable 1n theldischarge chamber and adapted to control the flow of fluid from thepressure chamber there-through; the movement of the valve disk beingcontrolled by variations of pressure as between the discharge chambei"and the arbitrarily fixed constant pressure Vcontrol chamber.

The invention further consists 0f details of construction andcombination of parts which will be hereinafter set forth. Figure 1 is aplan view of the invention. ldig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 22of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a cross section through the valve on the line 3-3ofF ig. 2. F ig. 4L is a' detail of the reversible, Opening cock. Fig. 5is a detail of a varied form-of the manually operable valve forcontrolling communication between the high pressure chamber and thecontrolling chamber and the atmosphere.

My present invention comprises a valve body or casing, indicatedgenerally at 2, and includes a discharge chamber D with Siamesedischarge connections 3, one end of the discharge chamber D beingprovided with a removable valve seat 4;, swiveling upon which is acoupler 5 whereby the valve may be `coupled to a suitable source ofsupply, here indicated at a hydrant 6, which may be a part of a highpressure water svstem; f

F or the purposes of this invention the chamber within' the valve seat lwill be designated the high pressure chamber P, deriving fluid undermaximum pressure from the source of' supply @,and the fluid will vdischarge into the discharge chamber D when a valve disk 7 lifts from thevalve seat 4e.

The valve disk 7 is shown as provided with a tubular valve stem '8,slidably mountcd in a bearing or guide 9 projecting from i av transversewall 10 on the lside opposite to 11 of the valve stem through transverseports 13 adjacent to the rear end of the valve stem 8.

Formed upon, or attached to the rear end of the valve stem 8, there is apiston 14 which is of substantially equal area with the diameter of thehigh pressure chamber P in the valve seat 4, and the duct 11 of thevalve stem is continued throughout the length of the latter anddischarges into a pressure chamber P under the valve cap 15, so that thepressures of uid in the chambers P and P are constantly equal, and arethat of the pressure at the source of supply (5 to which the valve isconnected. Therefore, the valve disk 7 is substantially unlwhich isoriginally derived from the fluid coming from the high pressure chamberP through the ducts 11 and 13 may be arbitrarily varied and constantly7maintained through an automatically operable throttle associatedwith thecontrol chamber C as follows: From the lower portion of the control`chamber there extends a passageway or duct 16, F ig. 3 whichcommunicates with a bypass chamber 17 formed in the body 2 of the valve;and one side of which is provided with a valve seat 18, upon which mayseat a valve 19 movable in a pocket 20, which vhas a port 21 at one sideconnected to which is a drain discharge or drip pipe, or conductor, 22,extended downwardly over one side of the valve body so as to dischargethe spent liquid free from the valve body. rl"he valve 19 is shown ascomprising a spindle extending loosely through a bushing 23, towhich isattached a` spring 24, inclosed in a hollow screw 25, upon which thebushing 23'is externally threaded, the latter having ,a shoulder or key26 slidable ina key-way or groove' 27, the screw 25 being turnably4supported in` a bearing or journal part 28 of the casing 2 and having apolygonal or otherwise formed head 29 whereby it may be revolved in itsbearing.

The outer end of the spring 24 is connected to a collar 30, which bearsagainst the adjacent end of the spindle valve 19, the tension of thespring being variable by the turning of the screw 25 which causes thebushing 23 to change its position in the spring chamber or pocket 20,thus increasing or decreasing the tension of the spring 24 and'consequently the pressure with which the spindle valve is held againstits seat 18.

While v any suitable means or type of spring may be utilized foryieldably seating the spindle valve, I prefer to employ the tensionspring 24, for the reason that it normally clears the surrounding wallof the sleeve and thus eliminates friction and the possibility oflateral buckling, such as would occur in a compression spring, isavoided.

The spindle valve 19 may be freely rotated, or may rotate upon its seat18, and its outer end may be formed for the reception of a device as ascrew-driver inserted through the end 29 of the screw, the latter beingprovided with a removable plug 31 which closes the hollow screw andprevents leakage of the liquid under pressure therefrom.

The operation of the automatic throttle or valve 19 is as follows: lVhenwater under high pressure is admitted to the high pressure chamber P ofthe valve it tends to flow through the chiots 11 and 13 and enters thecontrol chamber C, and will accumulate therein at a pressure which willequal the pressure of the spindle valve 1.9 upon its seat 18 when thewater flows through the passageway 16 into the bypass chamber 17, andwhen the pressure in the latter chamber equals or approximately equalsthe pressure of the spindle valve 19 the latter will be balanced;andsince the chamber 20 is directly open to the atmosphere through thedischarge port 21, the chamber 2O will lill and the water will passthrough the discharge port 21 to atmospheric pressure, so that thearbitrarily fixed pressure in the control chamber C will remainapproximately equal to the pressure of the throttle spring upon the:throttle `valve 19. The operator may initially set the spindle valve 19against the seat 18 with the desired force by turning the screw 25 atthe head 29, and for determining the adjustment of the throttle valve 19with the desired pressure upon the seat 18, the head 29 of the screw isprovided with a worm 29, which is engageable with a gage rack 32,'having gage marks 33 upon its upper surface, the rack sliding out ofthe casing 2 as the screw 25 is turned and the pressure of the spring 24increased. Conversely as the pressure of the throttle valve 19 upon theseat 18 isA decreased by the relaxation of the spring 24, when the screw25 is turned inthe opposite direction the gage rack 32 will recede inthe casing 2, the gage marks on the gage rack 32 being' made of a pitchcorresponding to the tension of the spring 24. The operation of thevalve will then be follows: Assuming that the valve body 2 has beenconnected by the swivel clamp ring 5 to the source of supply 6, and thatthe connections 3 and distributer pipes or hose 3. have been connected,these latter being provided with nozzle shut-off valves as 3a then whenthe pressure is admitted from the supply or hydrant 6 into the highpressure chamber P it will pass through the duct 11 into thecounterbalancing chamber P at the opposite end of the valve under thehead 15,

and will also ow through the ports 13 into V the control chamber C andrise therein to equalize with the pressure of the throttle valve 19;whereupon the unbalanced pressure in the control chamber C will reactagainst the face of the piston 1d and lift the valve 7 from its seat, sothat water may enter the discharge chamber D and flow through theconnections 3 and the hose 3, by which it is discharged.

Now, in the event that for any reason the pressure in the discharge'chamber rises or falls, there will be a proportionate movement of thevalve `7 determined as follows: Assuming that there is 200 poundspressure in the high pressure chamber P of the valve body, and this, ofcourse, being equalized in the chamber P, the valve 7 will be inert asto the high pressure, and with the throttle valve 19 subjected to apressureby the spring 24, such as will produce the desired pressure, say100 pounds in the discharge chamber, then the water will collect in thecontrol chamber by flowing through the ducts 1l and 13, at a pressureapproximately equaling the pressure of the throttle valve 19 on its seat18, and hold the valve 7 open by reason of the unbalanced pressure of100 pounds on the valve operating piston 1d, and hold the valve 7 opento produce a similar pressure in the discharge chamber. 1f then one orthe other, or both, of the hose lines 3 be entirely cut o, or thequantity of discharge from either, or both, be diminished, this wouldcause a momentary unbalanced back pressure in the discharge chamber 3,which being greater than the pressure in the control chamber C would actagainst the valve disk 7 to move the same toward its seat, thusdiminishing the supply from the high pressure chamber P and bringing thepressure in the discharge chamber D down to the arbitrary selectedpressure constantly maintained in the control chamber C by theautomatically operating and arbitrarily varied pressure valve 19. rl`hensuppose that the hose lines 3 be thrown fully open, the pressure in thedischarge chamber D would then momentarily fall below the selectedpressure of 100 pounds, and the unbalanced pressure of 100 pounds in thecontrol chamber C would react against the piston 14 and move the latteroutwardly, thus increasing the volume coming into the chamber D andcausing recovery of equilibrium of pressures between the dischargechamber D and the control chamber C; whereupon the movement of thepiston and the valve 7 by the actuating unbalanced pressure in thecontrol chamber C would cease; and so long as the pressure in thedischarge connections from the chamber D remains equal to thearbitrarily fixed pressure in the control chamber C, then there will beno movement of the valve 7.

From the foregoing it will be seen that this valve does not depend uponand has no relation to the action which would be produced by leakage offluid past the reciprocating piston 1i, the valve being controlledentirely by the automatically operating variably adjustable throttlevalve 19.

If the diameter of the piston 1a and the area of the opening of thevalve seat l be substantially equal, when it should then be desired toreduce the pressure in the discharge chamberI to a very low minimum withrelation to the high pressure at the source; then because of thefriction of the moving piston with the sides of the body the valve 7might not be movable with sulficient sensitiveness to produce this verylow minimum, or may not be able to close entirely when the latter isdesired. rPherefore, to overcome frictional resistance so that the valve7 may move down to produce a very low minimum as to the high pressure,and also to accomplish the substantial closing of the valve disk 7 onits seat when desired, I have shown the piston 14C as provided with acircumferential Llange or diametral enlargement, as at 14, running in achamber 33 formed between it and the cap 15; said chamber communicatingthrough a passageway or duct 34 with the lower portion of the dischargechamber D, so that water will accumulate in the chamber 33 behind theenlargement 1li or fiange of the piston 141- at the same pressure as isin the discharge chamber. The slight circumferential enlargement 14 ofthe area of the piston 14, which is subjected to the counterbalancingpressure in the chamber p', will be sufficient to aid in conjunctionwith the unbalanced pressure on the discharge side of the valve disk 7,to close the same downwardly to maintain a low minimum pressure in thedischarge against the high pressure in the pressure chamber P.

1t is understood that may construct the piston 14 with an areasubstantially equal to the inlet area of the valve seat, and may or maynot use the circumferential enlarge- A ment 14; or again I may maire thearea of the piston 1st of any suitable proportion with relation to theinlet area of the valve seat 1d, so that the ratio of the supply anddischarge pressures would be proportional to the areas of the piston 14-and the inlet area of the valve, in the latter case the throttle 19being adjustable to produce arbitrarily prede ermined pressures varyingas between the maximum and minimum discharge pressures or to entirelyshut oil", determined by the ratio existing between thepressure-actuated piston 14 and the area of the inlet opening of thevalve.

Owing to the possibility of foreign substances entering the valvestructure with the moving fluid, and thus preventing the free movementor closing of the valve disk 7, or the closing of the throttle valve 19,or its movement, it is desirable that manually operable means beprovided whereby the valve disk 7 may be forcibly opened irrespective ofthe operation of the throttle 19; or may be forcibly or positivelyclosed irrespective of the throttle, and to accomplish these functionsthere is shown with relation to the bypass chamber 17 a relief cock 35,which may be and is normally turned to cut olf the relief port 17 whichextends to the atmosphere at one side when the valve is operatingnormally and under the control of the throttle 19; and in the event thatthe throttle fails to properly operate then the relief cock 35 will bethrown to openthe relief or bypass 17 so that water or fluid from thecontrol chamber C will flow directly to the atmosphere through therelief cock 35, and the pressure in the control chamber C, thus beentirely released, and the va'lve disk 7 closed by the unbalancedpressure in the discharge chamber. So long as the relief cock 35 isclosed then the desired arbitrary fixed pressure will be maintained inthe control chamber C, through the medium of the automatic throttle 19.

lhile the relief cock 35 provides for the closing of the valve disk 7 bythe discharge pressure, irrespective of the operation of the throttle19, another cock 36, Fig. 2, is mounted in the casing and controls theflow of fluid through a passageway or duct 37, which opens at one endinto the high pressure chamber I), and at its opposite portion on theother side of the cock 36 enters the bypass chamber 17 intermediatelybetween the valve seat 18 and the shut-off cock 35. The cock 36 isprovided, as shown in Fig. 4, with a large port 38, from which extendsmaller different sized ports 39, the port 38 being turn-able intoregister with the pressure side of the duct 37, the fluid passingthrough one or the other of the smaller ports 39 and continuing past thevalve into the intermediate or bypass chamber 17, thence flowingdownwardly through the passage* way 16 and entering the regulatingchamber C where it may back up with a pressure equal to the pressure inthe supply chamber P if the throttle 19 be seated hard, and beingunbalanced in the chamber C will operate upon the piston 14 to shift thelatter outwardly and thus raise the valve disk 7 from its seat or fullyopen the valve, this being accomplished irrespective of the operation ofthe throttle 19, which, if desired, may be held down against its seat 18by increasing the pressure through means of the spring 24.

Since the ports 39 may also become clogged by substances in the fluidflowing into the large port 38, by simply reversing the posiexhaust 22,thereby failing to control the f movement of the valve disk 7, as soonas the operators attention was drawn to the fact he could throw the cock36 to open communication between the high pressure chamber P and thepassageway 37-16, and thence into the control chamber C; whereupon thehigh pressure accumulating in the chamber C would open the valve fully,so that the pressures in the high pressure chamber and the dischargechamber could equalize and give the maximum pressure discharge from thevalve.

The purpose of providing distributer ports 39 of different areas in theopening cock 36 is to compensate for the different volume of flow pastthe throttle valve 19 due to the wear `of the latter, or other causeswhich would permit a large or small volume to discharge past the valve19 and through the escape tube 22.

The valve 7 may be mechanically and positively closed when desired bymeans of a force screw or other suitable means 40, turnable in andextending through the cap 15, the inner end of the force screw 40 beingengageable with and adapted to force down the valve stem 8 and seat thevalve disk positively on its seat 4. Preferably the valve when adjustedin relation to a source of supply will assume a horizontal position asto its connections 3 and thereby allow air to collect in the upperportion of the control chamber C, this air acting as a cushion whichwould react upon the liquid contained in the chamber C and thus causethe piston 14 and the stem 8 of the valve to have a constant althoughslight vibratory movement with relation to their bearing surfaces, andtend to prevent the sticking of parts.

It is understood that the valve can be operated and controlled by eitherthe fluid passing through the ports 13 or through the valve 36, as wheneitherof the ports should become clogged.

The valve may have a plurality of discharge connections as hose 3.Should it be desired to cut off one or more and still supply others, asin the emergency that a hose should burst, I provide in the combination,

auxiliary cocks or valves 45 for each discharge connection.

Fig. 5 shows a relief cock 3G which may be utilized in place of cock 3G.This cock has three-way ports affording communication either from P to Cthrough 37 and 17 or from C to the atmosphere at the outlet 37. TWhenvalve 36 is utilized the cock 35 may be eliminated.

rllhe subject-matter-including the feature of air cushioning, the fluidoperated piston and its control chamber, the compartment communicatingWith the discharge chamber and structure common to both,-disclosed inthis specilication and drawing but not claimed is claimed by my priorapplication iiled March 3, 1913, Ser. No. 751,749;

Having thus described my invention What I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent is:

l. fin automatically operating pressure reducing valve having a highpressure chamber, a discharge chamber adapted to communicate with thehigh pressure chambei', a valve disk movable in the discharge chamberfor controlling the iioW of iiuid 'from the high pressure to thedischarge chamber, and a chamber in free communication with the highpressure chamber for containing aiiuid at arbitrarily selected andconstant pressure lor operating the valve disk to maintain apredetermined discharge pressure at the valve, the movable valve memberhaving equal areas exposed to the high pressure.

An automatically operating pressure reducing valve having a highpressure chamber, a discharge chamber adapted to communicate With thehigh pressure chamber, a balanced valve disk controlling the tlovv ofiluid from the high pressure to the discharge chamber and operating inthe latter, and a chamber in Jfree communication with the high. pressurechamber for containing a fluid at arbitrarily selected and constantpressure for operating the valve disk to maintain a predetermineddischarge pressure at the valve, the movable valve member having equalareas exposed to the high pressure.

3. ./in automatically operating pressure reducing valve having a highpressure chamber, a discharge chamber adapted to communicate With thehigh pressure chamber, a balanced valve disk movable in the disch: rgechambeil for controlling the flow of fluid from the high pressure to thedischarge chamber, and a chamber for containing a fluid at arbitrarilyselected and constant pressure for operating the disk to maintain apredetermined discharge pressure at thev ber for controlling the flow offluid from the high pressure to the discharge chamber, a chamber in freecommunication With the high pressure chamber for containing a fluid atarbitrarily selected and constant pressure for operating the valve diskto maintain a predetermined discharge pressure at the valve, and anautomatically operable arbitrarily adjustable throttle for maintaining apredetermined pressure in the control pressure chamber, the movablevalve member having equal areas exposed to the high pressure.

5. An automatically operating pressure reducing valve, including a valvebody with a high pressure chamber connectible to a source of supply, adischarge chamber With discharge connections, a valve disk in thedischarge chamber for controlling the flow of fluid from the highpressure to the discharge chamber, said valve disk being balancedagainst the high pressure, and a chamber in the valve easing in freecommunication With the high pressure chamber for constantly maintaininga liquid under a predetermined pressure Whereby variations Vof pressurein the discharge chamber will be rectified by the automatic operation ofthe valve, the movable valve member having equal areas exposed to thehigh pressure.

6. An automatically operable valve comprising an inlet and dischargechamber and a. valve disk controlling flow therethrough, said valvebeing balanced by pressure equal to and against high pressure at theinlet side, and means for constantly maintaining aI predeterminedarbitra 1y pressure in the discharge side, said means comprising acontrol chamber freely communicating with the inlet side of the valveand separated therefrom by the discharge chamber and having adjustablemeans for determining the pressure of the fluid in the control chamber,and a part exposed to the pressure of the tluid in said chamber forcontrolling the move` ment of the valve disk, the movable valve memberhaving equal areas exposed to the high pressure.

7. An automatically operable valve comprising an inlet and dischargechamber and a valve disk controlling Ylioiv therethrough, said valvebeing balanced against high pressure at the inlet side, and means l'orconstantly maintaining a predetermined arbitrary pressure in thedischarge side, said means comprising a control chamber communicatingwith the inlet side of the valve and hailing adjustable automatic meansfor determining the pressure ot the fluid in said control chamber, and apart exposed to the pressure of ilui'd in said chamber for controllingthe movement of the v-alve disk, and means for instantly7 relieving thepressure in the control chamber irrespective of the aforesaid pressurecontrolling means When opened.

ver:

8. An automatically operable valve comprising an inlet and dischargechamber and a valve disk controlling flow therethrough, said valve beingbalanced against high pressure at the inlet side, means for constantlymaintaining a predetermined arbitrary pressure in the discharge side,said means comprising a control chamber communicating with the inletside of the valve and hav ing adjustable automatic means for determiningthe pressure of the fluid in the control chamber, a part exposed to thepressure of fluid in said chamber for controlling the movement of thevalve disk, means for instantly relieving the pressure in the controlchamber irrespective of the aforesaid pressure controlling means whenopened, and a device whereby high pressure can be turned into thecontrol chamber from the high pressure side of the ivalve for raisingthe' valve disk independently of the automatically operating pressurecontrolled means.

9. An automatically operable valve comprising an inlet and dischargechamber and a valve disk controlling flow therethrough, said valve beingbalanced against high pressure at the inlet side, means for constantlymaintaining l a predetermined arbitrary pressure infthe discharge side,said means comprising a control chamber communicating with the inletside of the valve and having adjustable automatic means for determiningthe pressure of the fluid in the con trol chamber, a part exposed tothepressure of fluid in said chamber for controlling the movement of thevalve disk, means for instantly relieving the pressure in the controlchamber irrespective of the aforesaid pressure controlling means whenopened, and a device whereby high pressure can be turned into thecontrol chamber from the high pressure side of the valve for raising thevalve disk independently of the automatically operating pressurecontrolled means,

r whereupon the valve disk will be automatically opened by theunbalanced pressure on the discharge side. a

l0. An automatically operating pressure reducing valve with a suitablecasing, including means on the inlet side for attachment to a source ofsupply, a discharge chamber and its connections, a valve memberinterposed in the discharge chamber and constantly balanced against thepressure in the inlet side, and a control pressure chamber in freecommunication with the inlet side, in which is movable a part attachedto the valve member subjected to arbitrarily predetermined pressurewhereby the part can be moved to shift the valve member to maintain inthe discharge chamber an approximatelv even predetermined pressuresubstantially equal to that in the pressure controlled chamber, a wallof the casing separating the discharge side from the control side, and astem bearing in the wall and connecting the valve member and said part.

1l. An automatically operating pressure reducing valve with a suitablecasing, including means on the inlet side for attachment to a source ofsupply, a discharge chamber and its connections, a valve member operablein the discharge chamber and constantly balanced against the pressure inthe inlet side, and a control pressure chamber provided for freecommunication with the inlet side, in which is movable a part at-`tached to the valve member subjected to arbitrarily predeterminedpressure whereby the part cany be moved to shift the valve member tomaintain in the discharge chamber an approximately even predeterminedpressure substantially equal to that in the pressure controlled chamber,and an automatically operable arbitrarily adjustable throttle forcontrolling the degree of pressure in the control chamber, a wall of theeasing separating the discharge side from the control side, and a stembearing in the l wall and connecting the valve member and said part.

12. An automatically operating pressure reducing valve, comprising asuitable easing with an inlet high pressure chamber connectible to aSource of supply, a discharge chamber and its connections, a valvemember for controlling How of fluid from one to the other, and apressure control chamber between which and the high pressure chamber thedischarge chamber is interposed in which is operable a part connected tosaid valve member, said chamber being in communication with the highpressure side of the valve and opening to the atmosphere, and anautomatically operating variable pressure throttle valve interposedbetween the control chamber and its discharge to the atmosphere wherebyfluid may be maintained at a predetermined pressure in said chamber, thevalve member being automatically operable by variations of pressure inthe discharge chamber and said control chamber, a wall of thecasingseparating the discharge side f-rom the control side, and a stembearing in the wall and connecting the valve member and said part.

13. An automatically operating pressure reducing valve, comprising asuitable casing with an inlet high pressure chamber connectible to,asource of supply, a discharge chamber' and its connections, a valvemember for controlling flow of fluid from one to the other, and apressure control chamber between which andthe high pressure chamber thedischarge chamber is interposed, in which is operable a part connectedto said valve member, said chamber being in communication with the highpressure side of the valve and opening to the atmosphere, and. anautomatically operating variable pressure throttle valve interposedbetween the control chamber and its discharge to the atmosphere wherebyfluid may be maintained 'at a predetermined pressure in said chamber,the valve member being automati' cally operable by variations ofpressure in the discharge chamber and said control chamber, said valvemember being balanced by pressure at its opposite end equal to andagainst the high pressure in the inlet chamber of the valve.

1i. A valve for maintaining a constant arbitrary pressure at itsdischarge side, comprising a. casing connectible to asource of supplyand having a. valve seat, a valve disk movable in the discharge chambertoward and from said seat, a wall inthe casing separating the dischargefrom and forming a control chamber, means providing for directcommunication between the high pressure chamber and the control chamber,and means operative by variations of pressure in the control chamber foractuating the valve disk.

l5. A valve for maintaining a constant arbitrary pressure at itsdischarge side, comprising a casing connectible to a source of supplyand having a valve seat, a valve disk movable in the discharge chambertoward and from said seat, a wall in the casing separating the dischargefrom and forming a control chambei', means providing for directcommunication between the high pressure chamber and the control chamber,means operative by variations of pressure in the control chamber foractuating the valve disk, and a chamber for pressure operative upon thevalve disk to balance it against the high pressure.

16. A pressure controlling valve comprising in combination, aV casingwith coaxial, high pressure chambers at opposite ends and having a valvesea-t, a` discharge chamber interposed between said high pressurechambers, a valve member movable in said discharge chamber toward andfrom the seat, a control chamber between said discharge chamber and thebalancing chamber, and means for maintaining a pressure effective uponthe valve member to actuate the same for producing the desired dischargepressure.

17. A pressure controlling valve, comprising a casing with a dischargechamber and a supply connection therefor, and having an arbitrarilyvariable pressure or control chamber, and having also a compartmentcommunicating freely with the discharge chamber, a valve member with apart movable in the discharge chamber to control the inlet 'li ow, andhaving a part movable in the control chamber and subject to pressure insaid compartment, and means for balancing the high pressure against theinlet side of the valve.

18. A pressure controlling valve, comprising av casing with a dischargechamber and a supply connection thereto-r, and having an arbitrarilyvariable pressure or control chamber, and having also a compartmentcommunicating freely with the discharge chamber, a valve member with apart movable in the discharge chamber to control the inlet flow, andhaving a part movable in the control chamber and subject to Apressure insaid compartment, and means for balancing the high pressure against theinlet side ot the valve, the area of the valve member in the dischargechamber plus the area of its part subject to pressure in saidcompartment substantially equaling the area of said part subject topressure in the control chamber.

19. A'pressure controlling valve, comprising a casing with a dischargechamber and a supply connection therefor, and having an arbitrarilyvariable pressure or contro.l chamber, and having also a compartmenJcommunicating freely with the discharge chamber, a valve member with apart movable in the discharge chamber to control the inlet How, andhaving a part movable in the control chamber and subject to pressure insaid compartment, and means Jfor balancing the high pressure against theinlet side or' the valve, the area oi' the valve member in the dischargechamber plus the area of its part subject to pressure in saidcompartment substantially equaling the area of said part subject topressure in the control chamber, so that said valve member is balancedas to high pressure and to the pressure in the discharge chamber whenthis equals the pressure in the control chamber.

20. A pressure controlling valve, comprising a casing with an inlet highpressure chamber at one end and a high pressure chamber of similar areaat the opposite end, a" discharge chamber interposed therebetween, avalve disk movable in the discharge chamber to control the inliow, achamber separate from the discharge chamber with means for maintaining aconstant, arbitrary pressure, and means connected to the valve memberand subject on one side to said arbitrary pressure and on the other sideto the high pressure in the balancing chamber.

21. A valve for maintaining a constant arbitrary discharge pressureirrespective of variations of the supply pressure, which consists of acasing divided into two separate chambers, one of which includes supplyand discharge compartments, and the other a control compartment and abalancing compartment, a valve member in the discharge compartment forcontrolling the inflow from the supply, and having a part projectinginto the other chamber and subject to pressure in the balancingcompartment equal to the supply pressure, and means for holding anarbitrary pressure in the control compartment for governing themovements of the valve member under variations of pressure occurring atthe supply or at the discharge.

22. A valve for maintaining a constant arbitrary discharge pressureirrespective of variations of the supply pressure, which consists of acasing divided into two separate chambers, one of which includes supplyand discharge compartments, and the other a control compartment and abalancing compartment, a valve member in the discharge compartment forcontrolling the inflow from the supply, and having a part projectinginto the other chamber and subject to pressure in the balancingcompartment equal to the supply pressure, means for holding an arbitrarypressure in the control compartment for governing the movements of thevalve member under variations of pressure occurring at the supply or atthe discharge, and means for instantly relieving the pressure in thecontrol chamber.

23. A valve for maintaining a constant arbitrary discharge pressureirrespective of variations of the supply pressure, which con-- sists ofa casing divided into two separate chambers, one of which includessupply and discharge compartments, and the other a control compartmentand a balancing compartment, a valve member in the discharge compartmentfor controlling the inflow from the supply, and having a part projectinginto the other chamber and subject to pressure in the balancingcompartment equal to the supply pressure, means for holding an arbitrarypressure in the control compartment for governing the movements of thevalve member under variations of pressure pressure of said check valve,and a gage bar actuated by said knob for approximately indicating thearbitrary pressure of said check valve.

25. In a pressure controlling valve, adjacent supply and dischargechambers, a valve disk interposed in the latter for controlling inflow,means for balancing the supply pressure against the valve disk, achamber in which an arbitrary pressure may be maintained for controllingthe movement of said disk, a duct leading from the arbiniemeerinstantaneous, manually operable relief cock for the duct.

26. In a pressure controlling valve, ad* jacent supply and dischargechambers, a valve disk interposed in the latter for controlling inflow,means for balancing the supply pressure against lthe valve disk, achamber in which an arbitrary pressure may be maintained for controllingthe movement of said disk, a duct leading from the arbitrary pressurechamber, an automatically operable, variable pressure relief valvecontrolling the flow through the duct, an instan taneous, manuallyoperable relief cock for the duct, and means for turning maximumpressure into said duct.

27. In a pressure controlling valve, adjacent supply and dischargechambers, a valve disk interposed in the latter for controlling inflow,means for balancing the supply pressure against the valve disk, achamber in which an arbitrary pressure may be maintained forcontrollingthe movement of said disk, a duct leading from the arbitrarypressure chamber, an automatically operable, variable pressure reliefvalve controlling the flow through the duct, an instantaneous, manuallyoperable relief cock for the duct, and means for turning maximumVpressure into said duct, said means including a bypass duct with acontrol cock.

28. In a pressure controlling valve, adjacent supply anddischargechambers, a valve disk interposed in the latter for controllinginflow, means for balancing the supply pressure against the valve disk,a chamber in which an arbitrary pressure may be maintained forcontrolling the movement of said disk, a duct leading from thearbitrarypressure chamber, an automatically operable, variable pressurerelief valve controlling the flow through the duct, an instantaneous,manually operable relief cock .for the duct, and means for turningmaximum pressure into said duct, said means including a bypass duct witha control cock with varisized issue ports.

29. In a. pressure controlling valve, adjacent supply and dischargechambers, a valve disk interposed in the latter for controlling inflow,means for balancing the supply pressure against the valve disk, achamber in which an arbitrarypressure may be maintained for controllingthe movement of said disk, a duct leading from the arbitrary pressurechamber, an automatically operable, variable pressure relief valvecontrolling the flow through the duct, an instantaneous, manuallyoperable relief cock for the duct, and means for turning maximumpressure into said duct, said means including a bypass duct with acontrol cock with varisized issue ports reversible in its duct todislodge accumulated deposits from said ports.

30. In a valve for automatically maintaining an arbitrary dischargepressure, comprising a supply chamber and a discharge chamber, a valvedisk controlling the flow therein, a control chamber in Which anarbitrary pressure is maintained and Which communicates With the highpressure chamber, and in which an air cushion is formed, and a `membermounted in said control chamber for moving the valve disk, said aircushion providing for sensitiveness of the valve disk and its actuatorto slight variations of pressure.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set Vmy hand in the presence of twosubscribing Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ID. C.

